Kvasny Prum. 2010; 56(2): 60-68 | DOI: 10.18832/kp2010006

The effect of location and year on mineral content in spring barley grain.Peer-reviewed article

Kateřina VACULOVÁ, Marta BALOUNOVÁ, Radim CERKAL, Jaroslava EHRENBERGEROVÁ

¹ Zemědělský výzkumný ústav Kroměříž, s. r. o., Havlíčkova 2787, 767 01 Kroměříž

² Mendelova univerzita v Brně, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno

The effect of location (Kroměříž, Žabčice) and year (2005, 2007 and 2008) on the content of mineral elements and basic grain chemical composition (N-substances, starch, fat, fibre) was studied in seven spring malting barley cultivars (Amulet, Bojos, Jersey, Malz, Prestige, Sebastian and Tolar), grown under a cropping system with restricted chemical treatment. Considering the requirements for the content of macro- and microelements for good growth, development and fermentation activity of brewers yeast, the best cultivars were Amulet and Prestige, cv. Bojos ranked among the cultivars with low contents of all macroelements and the lowest content of microelements was characteristic for cv. Sebastian. The content of the examined nutrients, minerals and heavy metals was affected significantly by all factors studied, i.e. cultivar, location and year. There was a significant difference among cultivars in the content of P, B, Cu, Fe and Ca to Mg ratio. The content of minerals was significantly influenced by grain weight. Use of grain weight as a covariate resulted in decreasing a significance level of cultivar effect on the content of macroelements K, Ca as well as Mg, and the location x cultivar interaction in all macro- and microelements, except Fe content. A higher concentration of some minerals in grain was related to increasing the content of N-substances (N-subst. x Zn: r = 0.50** to 0.77**) and fibre proportion (fibre x Mg: r = 0.24 to 0.38*; fibre x Ca: r = 0.23 to 0.78**) and conversely decreasing the content of starch (starch x Mg: r = -0.54** to -0.72**).The effect of location (Kroměříž, Žabčice) and year (2005, 2007 and 2008) on the content of mineral elements and basic grain chemical composition (N-substances, starch, fat, fibre) was studied in seven spring malting barley cultivars (Amulet, Bojos, Jersey, Malz, Prestige, Sebastian and Tolar), grown under a cropping system with restricted chemical treatment. Considering the requirements for the content of macro- and microelements for good growth, development and fermentation activity of brewers yeast, the best cultivars were Amulet and Prestige, cv. Bojos ranked among the cultivars with low contents of all macroelements and the lowest content of microelements was characteristic for cv. Sebastian. The content of the examined nutrients, minerals and heavy metals was affected significantly by all factors studied, i.e. cultivar, location and year. There was a significant difference among cultivars in the content of P, B, Cu, Fe and Ca to Mg ratio. The content of minerals was significantly influenced by grain weight. Use of grain weight as a covariate resulted in decreasing a significance level of cultivar effect on the content of macroelements K, Ca as well as Mg, and the location x cultivar interaction in all macro- and microelements, except Fe content. A higher concentration of some minerals in grain was related to increasing the content of N-substances (N-subst. x Zn: r = 0.50** to 0.77**) and fibre proportion (fibre x Mg: r = 0.24 to 0.38*; fibre x Ca: r = 0.23 to 0.78**) and conversely decreasing the content of starch (starch x Mg: r = -0.54** to -0.72**).

Keywords: spring barley, malting cultivars, grain, growing, mineral elements, basic chemical composition

Received: November 19, 2009; Accepted: January 6, 2010; Published: February 1, 2010