Kvasny Prum. 2015; 61(1): 7-14 | DOI: 10.18832/kp2015002

Kinetics of gas escape from carbonated beverages.Peer-reviewed article

Jan ŠAVEL, Petr KOŠIN, Adam BROŽ
Budějovický Budvar, n. p., Karolíny Světlé 4, 370 21 České Budějovice

The article deals with the kinetics of the pressure growth in the headspace of the bottle filled by carbonated beverage after the rapid opening and closing of the output valve placed on the bottle neck. The rate of pressure growth was measured by an electronic pressure recorder with quick response. Escape of CO2 was also initiated by electrolysis or by inserting a porous material into beer. The pressure growth in the bottle can be described by a simple kinetic equation with two parameters, the initial rate of pressure growth and the constant describing the suppression of bubbles detachment from the surface of the solid particles. Continuous removal of CO2 microbubbles bound to the surface of solid material e.g. by permanent shaking is limited by the solubility of carbon dioxide and temperature. The new technique also allows estimate the effect of various substrates and brewing process parameters to cause gushing. It may also be used to search for bottles with a scuffed surface after filling them with carbonated water.The article deals with the kinetics of the pressure growth in the headspace of the bottle filled by carbonated beverage after the rapid opening and closing of the output valve placed on the bottle neck. The rate of pressure growth was measured by an electronic pressure recorder with quick response. Escape of CO2 was also initiated by electrolysis or by inserting a porous material into beer. The pressure growth in the bottle can be described by a simple kinetic equation with two parameters, the initial rate of pressure growth and the constant describing the suppression of bubbles detachment from the surface of the solid particles. Continuous removal of CO2 microbubbles bound to the surface of solid material e.g. by permanent shaking is limited by the solubility of carbon dioxide and temperature. The new technique also allows estimate the effect of various substrates and brewing process parameters to cause gushing. It may also be used to search for bottles with a scuffed surface after filling them with carbonated water.

Keywords: gushing, CO2 escape, electrolysis carbonated drink, pressure growth, headspace, process kinetics, brewing intermediates, scuffed glass, measuring method

Received: November 2, 2014; Accepted: December 2, 2014; Published: January 1, 2015 

References

  1. Aydin, A., Illberg, V., Titze, J., 2014: Investigation of overfoaming activities and gushing mechanisms of individual beer ingredients as a model substance in bottled carbonated water. J. Sci. Food Agric. 94(10): 2083-2089. Go to original source...
  2. Benilov, E. S., Cummins, C. P., Lee, W. T., 2013: Why do bubbles in Guiness sink? Am. J. Phys. 81(2), 88. arXiv:1205.5233. Go to original source...
  3. Brabcová, Z., Basařová, P., Váchová, T., 2012: Description of the bubble shape on a planar solid surface with variable inclination angle. Procedia Eng., 42, 358-367. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.07.427 Go to original source...
  4. Brdička, M., Samek, L., Taraba, O.: Kavitace. Diagnostika a technické využití. 1. vyd., SNTL, Praha, 1981, 336 s.
  5. Day, J., 2010: A study of bubble wetting on surfaces. Doctoral Thesis 2010, MIT, Cambridge, USA.
  6. Draeger, M., 1996: Physical observation on the subject of gushing. Brauwelt Int. 1996, 14(4): 363-367.
  7. Devereux, M. G., Lee, W. T., 2011: Mathematical modelling of bubble nucleation in stout beers and experimental verification. Proc. World Congr. Engin. WCE 2011, Vol. I. ISBN 978-988-18210-6-5.
  8. Enríquez, O. R., Hummelink, C., Bruggert, G. W., Lohse, D., Prosperetti, A., van der Meer, D., Sun, C., 2013. Growing bubbles in a slightly supersaturated liquid solution. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 84(6): 065111. Go to original source...
  9. Gooijer, B. M., 2013: Sudden bubble formation in carbonated drinks. Bachelor Thesis, University of Twente, Enschede, Nizozemsko.
  10. Hermia, J., 1982: Constant pressure blocking filtration laws-application to power-law non-newtonian fluids. Trans. IChemE, 60a: 183-187.
  11. Christian, M., Titze, J., Illberg, V., 2011: Chemical structure of model substances related to their gushing-inducing and -suppressing activity. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 69(3): 170-179. Go to original source...
  12. Chung, J. N., Chen, T., Maroo, S., 2011: A review of recent progress on nano/micro scale nucleation boiling fundamentals. Front. Heat Mass Transfer, DOI: 10.5098/hmt.v2.2.3004. Go to original source...
  13. Khalesi, M., Mandelings, N., Shokribousjein, Z., Riveros-Galan, D., Verachtert, H., Gebruers, K., Delvigne, F., Vankelecom, I., Derdelinckx, G., 2014: Biophysical characterisation of hydrophobin enriched foamate. Cerevisia 38(4): 129-134 Go to original source...
  14. Liger-Belair, Prost, E., Parmentier, M., Jeandet, P., Nuzzillard, J. M., 2003: Diffusion coefficient of CO2 molecules as determined by 13 C NMR in various carbonated beverages. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51(26): 7560-7563. Go to original source...
  15. Mitani, Y., Joh, M., Segawa, S., Shinotsuka, K., Ohgaki, K, 2002.: Dynamic behavior of carbon dioxide gas related to formation and diminution of beer foam. J. Am. Soc, Brew. Chem. 60(1): 1-9. Go to original source...
  16. Mori, B. K., 1998: Studies of bubble growth and departure from artificial nucleation sites. Doctoral Thesis 1998, University of Toronto, Kanada.
  17. Pellaud, J., 2002: Gushing: state of the art. Cerevisia 27(4): 189- 205.
  18. Scardina, P., 2004: Effects of dissolved gas supersaturation and bubble formation on water treatment plant performance. Doctoral Thesis 2004. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
  19. Šavel, J., Košin, P., Brož, A., 2014a: Iniciace úniku oxidu uhličitého z piva a gushing. Kvasny Prum., 60(2): 22-30. Go to original source...
  20. Šavel, J., Košin, P., Brož, A., 2014b: Náchylnost piva k přepěňování vyvolanému různou dobou třepání láhve. Kvasny Prum., 60(6): 151-159. Go to original source...
  21. Siedel, S., Cioulachtjian, S., Bonjouir, J., 2008: Experimental analysis of bubble growth, departure and interactions during pool bowling on artificial nucleation sites. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 32, 1504-151. Go to original source...
  22. Schafer, E., Zare, R. N., 1991: Through a beer glass darkly. Phys. Today, 44(10): 48-52. Go to original source...
  23. Yang, Ch., Lu, Y. H., Hwang, I. S., 2013: Condensation of dissolved gas molecules at a hydrophobic/water interface. Chin. J. Phys., 51(1): 174-186.
  24. Yang, Ch., Wu, Y., Juan, X., Ma, Ch., 2000: Study on bubble dynamics for pool nucleate boiling. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 43(2): 203-208. Go to original source...

Return to the content